SCIENTIFIC SESSIONS
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Session 1: Vestibular Schwannoma
A benign tumor called a vestibular schwannoma, sometimes referred to as an acoustic neuroma, develops on the vestibulocochlear nerve, which runs from the inner ear to the brain. Schwann cells, which typically support and insulate nerve fibers, are the source of it.
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Session 2: Head and Neck cancer
A variety of tumors that impact your mouth, throat, or other areas of your head and neck are categorized as head and neck cancer. A chronic sore throat is the most typical symptom. Avoiding tobacco, consuming less alcohol, and receiving the HPV vaccine can all lower your risk. The majority of these tumors are avoidable, and many can be treated if detected early.
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Session 3: Otology and Neurotology
The medical field of otology examines the anatomy, physiology, and disorders of the ear. The vestibular sensory systems, associated structures, and functions are also studied. Otorhinolaryngology, another name for otology, is a subspecialty of head and neck surgery.
Otolaryngology and neurology are clinical specialties that overlap with neurotology. Its practitioners investigate and treat conditions affecting the vestibulocochlear (eighth cranial) nerve, the inner ear, and the vestibular and central auditory pathways.
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Tympanoplasty is a type of microsurgery in which perforations in the eardrum that do not mend on their own are repaired using an endoscope or microscope. Hearing is made possible by the eardrum, also known as the tympanic membrane, which vibrates in response to sound.
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A fungus is the cause of otomycosis, an ear infection. It is more prevalent during periods of extreme heat and humidity as well as in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Another name for it is fungal otitis externa.
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The term "otosclerosis" comes from the words "oto," which means "of the ear," and "sclerosis," which means "abnormal hardening of body tissue." The disorder is brought on by aberrant middle ear bone remodeling. The process by which bone tissue regenerates itself by substituting old tissue with new is known as "bone remodeling."
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Session 7: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), also known as obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea, is a sleep disease in which breathing effort is present and airflow stops or significantly decreases. Recurrent episodes of upper airway collapse during sleep are the hallmark of this most prevalent kind of sleep-disordered breathing. Recurrent oxyhemoglobin desaturations and sleep arousals are linked to these occurrences.
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Hearing loss and vertigo, or dizziness, are symptoms of Meniere's disease, an inner ear condition. Meniere's illness usually only affects one ear. Any age can be affected by Meniere's illness. However, it typically begins between the ages of 40 and 60. It is believed to be a chronic illness. However, there are therapies that can help reduce symptoms and the long-term effects on your life. Meniere's illness has no recognized etiology. Endolymph, an excess of fluid in the inner ear, may be the cause of Meniere's disease symptoms. However, the source of this fluid accumulation in the inner ear is unclear.
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Session 9: Rhinitis and Sinusitis
A reaction that results in runny nose, sneezing, itching, and nasal congestion is called rhinitis. The majority of rhinitis types are characterized by symptoms in the mouth, ears, or eyes and are brought on by inflammation. Rhinitis comes in a variety of forms.
The swelling or inflammation of the tissue lining your sinuses is known as sinusitis. Your face contains structures called sinuses that are typically filled with air. Allergies, bacterial infections, and viral infections can irritate them, resulting in blockage and fluid accumulation.
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The process of making a hole in the ear drum to let fluid that is trapped in the middle ear drain out is called a myringotomy. The fluid could be water, pus, or blood. To aid maintain drainage, a little tube is frequently placed into the ear drum's hole.
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A minimally invasive technique called nasal coblation employs radiofrequency energy to make the nasal turbinates smaller. Through improved nasal airflow, the treatment is utilized to treat sleep apnea and snoring.
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A growth behind your eardrum (tympanic membrane) is called a cholesteatoma. It appears as a lump or cyst that may resemble a pearl when dead skin cells collect behind your eardrum. Choleatomas can occur at birth, however they are typically caused by a ruptured or retracted eardrum.
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The medical specialty for communication difficulties is phoniatrics. It has to do with the processes of voice, speaking, language, swallowing, and hearing that are normal, diseased, and professional.
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Speech therapy employs a variety of treatment techniques, such as perception exercises that help patients distinguish between distinct sounds and phrases. Exercises to increase speech fluency and produce specific sounds. Exercises to help with voice, swallowing, and breathing.
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The diagnosis of allergic rhinitis is linked to a collection of symptoms that impact the nose. When you breathe in something to which you are allergic, like dust, pollen, or animal dander, you get these symptoms. Eating a meal to which you are allergic can also cause symptoms.
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Session 16: Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
The medical and surgical treatment of ear, nose, and throat (ENT) disorders in children from birth to age 17 is known as pediatric otolaryngology. You might be sent to a pediatric otolaryngologist for treatment if your child has a complicated medical condition or requires surgery involving their throat, nose, or ears.
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Session 17: Laryngology and Larynx Disorders
The study of laryngeal abnormalities and functioning is known as laryngology. Laryngologists must undergo specialized supplementary medical training that focuses on the larynx and pharynx, which is the part of the throat that runs from the base of the skull to the esophagus, due to the complexity of the larynx.
Hoarseness or dysphonia are the most prevalent clinical signs of laryngeal illnesses, which vary greatly in frequency of occurrence and include granuloma papillomatosis, Reinke's edema, amyloidosis, TB, and laryngopharyngeal reflux. Laryngeal cancer is a significant worldwide burden.
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Session 18: ENT Implants and its Application
An electrical device that enhances hearing is called a cochlear implant. For those who cannot hear well with hearing aids and have significant inner-ear damage-related hearing loss, it may be an option. With a cochlear implant, sounds are transmitted directly to the cochlear nerve, the hearing nerve, bypassing the damaged area of the ear. The cochlear nerve functions for the majority of individuals with inner ear hearing loss. However, the cochlea, a portion of the inner ear, has damaged nerve endings known as hair cells.
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Session 19: Facial and ENT Plastic Surgery
In order to change the shape of the nose, ears, chin, cheekbones, and neckline, facial plastic surgery is done. The desire to alter a characteristic that was present from birth or to reconstruct the face following an illness or accident may be the driving force for people seeking this procedure. They might also wish to eliminate abnormalities in the contours, reverse the indications of aging, or make the facial features appear proportionate.
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Session 20: Endoscopic ENT Surgery
An outpatient treatment called endoscopic sinus surgery is carried out under general anesthesia while the patient is asleep. Endoscopic surgery can be performed to treat chronic sinus infections, remove tumors and nasal polyps, and cure other sinus issues.
